树莓派使用蓝牙设置wifi网络
在树莓派使用过程中,很多人都有遇到过这样的问题,经常由于工作场所变化,在无显示器和鼠标的情况下无法方便快捷对树莓派设置wifi网络。
在物联网场景下,成熟的方案是使用蓝牙为设备设置网络,在本教程中,我想向您展示一种简单的方法,可以通过蓝牙仅使用Android手机为Raspberry Pi配置Wi-Fi网络。
所需材料
首先,您需要:
- 树莓派3
- Android手机
- Python脚本
1 在Raspbian上安装Bluez
首先从Raspbian终端输入以下命令,安装Python蓝牙库Bluez:
$ sudo apt-get install python-bluez
2 启动Bluetooh 守护程序
通过输入以下命令来编辑 /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.bluez.service
$ sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.bluez.service
并修改 ExecStart 参数
ExecStart = / usr / lib / bluetooth / bluetoothd –C
3 加载串口配置
$ sudo sdptool add SP
4 重启树莓派
$ sudo reboot
5 将Pi的蓝牙与Android配对
打开手机的蓝牙,然后将手机与Raspberry Pi配对。接下来,在您的Pi上输入:
$ bluetoothctl
power on
discoverable on
scan on
您的手机将出现在可用设备列表中。信任并配对。
$ trust <PHONE_ADDRESS>
$ pair <PHONE_ADDRESS>
要退出Bluetooth ctl,请输入quit命令:
如果发现可以使用Raspbian的UI轻松设置蓝牙,则也可以跳过上述设置。通过
6 蓝牙配对后,通过键入nano命令并复制/粘贴源代码将Python脚本直接添加到Raspbian中并执行:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
from bluetooth import *
from wifi import Cell, Scheme
import subprocess
import time
wpa_supplicant_conf = "/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf"
sudo_mode = "sudo "
def wifi_connect(ssid, psk):
# write wifi config to file
cmd = 'wpa_passphrase {ssid} {psk} | sudo tee -a {conf} > /dev/null'.format(
ssid=str(ssid).replace('!', '\!'),
psk=str(psk).replace('!', '\!'),
conf=wpa_supplicant_conf
)
cmd_result = ""
cmd_result = os.system(cmd)
print cmd + " - " + str(cmd_result)
# reconfigure wifi
cmd = sudo_mode + 'wpa_cli -i wlan0 reconfigure'
cmd_result = os.system(cmd)
print cmd + " - " + str(cmd_result)
time.sleep(10)
cmd = 'iwconfig wlan0'
cmd_result = os.system(cmd)
print cmd + " - " + str(cmd_result)
cmd = 'ifconfig wlan0'
cmd_result = os.system(cmd)
print cmd + " - " + str(cmd_result)
p = subprocess.Popen(['hostname', '-I'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
out, err = p.communicate()
if out:
ip_address = out
else:
ip_address = "<Not Set>"
return ip_address
def ssid_discovered():
Cells = Cell.all('wlan0')
wifi_info = 'Found ssid : \n'
for current in range(len(Cells)):
wifi_info += Cells[current].ssid + "\n"
wifi_info+="!"
print wifi_info
return wifi_info
def handle_client(client_sock) :
# get ssid
client_sock.send(ssid_discovered())
print "Waiting for SSID..."
ssid = client_sock.recv(1024)
if ssid == '' :
return
print "ssid received"
print ssid
# get psk
client_sock.send("waiting-psk!")
print "Waiting for PSK..."
psk = client_sock.recv(1024)
if psk == '' :
return
print "psk received"
print psk
ip_address = wifi_connect(ssid, psk)
print "ip address: " + ip_address
client_sock.send("ip-address:" + ip_address + "!")
return
try:
while True:
server_sock=BluetoothSocket( RFCOMM )
server_sock.bind(("",PORT_ANY))
server_sock.listen(1)
port = server_sock.getsockname()[1]
uuid = "815425a5-bfac-47bf-9321-c5ff980b5e11"
advertise_service( server_sock, "RPi Wifi config",
service_id = uuid,
service_classes = [ uuid, SERIAL_PORT_CLASS ],
profiles = [ SERIAL_PORT_PROFILE ])
print "Waiting for connection on RFCOMM channel %d" % port
client_sock, client_info = server_sock.accept()
print "Accepted connection from ", client_info
handle_client(client_sock)
client_sock.close()
server_sock.close()
# finished config
print 'Finished configuration\n'
except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
print '\nExiting\n'
接下来,您可以运行脚本
$ chmod +x run.py
$ sudo python run.py
7 现在您需要打开android 串口调试工具(BluetoothSerial)设置WIFI。
在蓝牙配对设备中选择Raspberry Pi。输入SSID,PSK,然后点击开始配置按钮。在几秒钟内,您的Raspberry Pi的Wi-Fi应该会连接。
现在你可以通过蓝牙设置你的树莓派网络了,你也可以把脚本加到启动项,这样保证每次开机自动启动设置WIFI网络的 蓝牙服务
8 编辑/etc/rc.local 添加启动时运行此脚本
(sleep 10;/path/to/script/./run.py)&
😊done ...